Explore how extreme climate shifts 900,000 years ago—featuring prolonged cold periods and devastating droughts across Africa and Eurasia—nearly wiped out our ancestors, reducing human population by 98.7% for over 100,000 years.

Our ancestors experienced a 'bottleneck' where the breeding population crashed to just about 1,280 individuals, a 98.7% reduction that lasted for around 117,000 years. It suggests the very traits that make us uniquely human—like advanced cooperation and innovation—might have been forged in the crucible of near-extinction.
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From Columbia University alumni built in San Francisco
