
In "Edge of Chaos," economist Dambisa Moyo reveals why democracies fail at delivering economic growth. Endorsed by the Wall Street Journal, her provocative blueprint challenges conventional thinking: Should voters pass civics exams? The answer might save our economic future.
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Between 2008 and today, something fundamental shifted in the global order. From the streets of Athens to the voting booths of Middle America, millions of people began questioning a system that had promised prosperity but delivered stagnation. Brexit wasn't just about Europe-it was a revolt against elites who seemed disconnected from ordinary struggles. Trump's election wasn't merely political theater-it represented working-class fury at decades of flatlined wages. These weren't isolated incidents but symptoms of a deeper crisis: the marriage between democracy and capitalism, which had delivered unprecedented wealth for generations, was showing serious cracks. What's driving this discontent? The answer is deceptively simple yet profoundly consequential: the failure to deliver economic growth. When Nelson Mandela promised South Africans "jobs, peace, and freedom" in 1994, millions stood in line for days to vote. Two decades later, unemployment still hovers around 20%, nearly half the population lives in poverty, and South Africa has become the world's most unequal nation. The lesson is stark-democracy without growth breeds disillusionment. And this pattern repeats globally, from Brazil to Russia, as nations that embraced market reforms watch living standards stagnate while inequality widens. Consider the mathematics of prosperity: at 5% annual growth, a country doubles its wealth in fourteen years. At 3%, that same doubling takes twenty-four years. This isn't abstract economics-it's the difference between your children inheriting opportunity or desperation. South Africa has barely cracked 3% growth since apartheid ended and has never sustained the 7% needed to genuinely transform living standards. With population growing at 1.5% annually, per capita income has essentially flatlined for a generation. This slow-growth trap has become the global norm rather than the exception. Major economies that once roared ahead now sputter. The OECD countries that averaged 3.4% growth between 1970 and 1990 now manage barely 2%. America hasn't exceeded 2.5% growth since the financial crisis, and what growth exists has flowed overwhelmingly to those already wealthy. The Dow Jones climbed 4.5 times between 1970 and 2017, yet real wages remained frozen-a divergence that explains why capital-rich coastal cities supported the status quo in 2016 while the industrial heartland demanded revolution.
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Criado por ex-alunos da Universidade de Columbia em San Francisco
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Criado por ex-alunos da Universidade de Columbia em San Francisco

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