
In "Work," anthropologist James Suzman reveals how our relationship with labor evolved from hunter-gatherers to modern capitalism. As automation threatens jobs and inequality widens, this thought-provoking exploration challenges us: What is work's true purpose in a world where productivity no longer guarantees prosperity?
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Here's a startling fact: for 95% of human history, people worked about 15 hours a week and considered themselves affluent. The Ju/'hoansi Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert, studied well into the twentieth century, spent less time "working" than we spend commuting. They had no bosses, no alarm clocks, and no anxiety about retirement funds. Yet we-with our smartphones, air conditioning, and grocery stores-feel perpetually behind, chronically stressed, and never quite successful enough. This paradox sits at the heart of our modern condition. We've achieved unprecedented material abundance, yet we're working ourselves to death. The Japanese even have a word for it: *karoshi*, death by overwork. In 1930, economist John Maynard Keynes predicted we'd be working 15-hour weeks by now, with technology handling the rest. We surpassed his productivity benchmarks decades ago. So why are we still grinding through 40, 50, even 60-hour weeks? The answer isn't in our biology or our nature-it's in a 10,000-year-old mistake we're still paying for.
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Criado por ex-alunos da Universidade de Columbia em San Francisco
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Criado por ex-alunos da Universidade de Columbia em San Francisco

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