
Axworthy's definitive history unveils Iran's revolutionary transformation from monarchy to Islamic republic. Praised for its balanced approach, this nuanced exploration dispels Western misconceptions while examining the revolution's global impact. What hidden complexities of Iranian politics might change your understanding of Middle Eastern dynamics forever?
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February 1979: as millions lined Tehran's streets, a bearded cleric in his seventies descended from an Air France jet after fifteen years in exile. When Ayatollah Khomeini's feet touched Iranian soil, history pivoted. Within days, 2,500 years of monarchy collapsed, replaced by the world's first modern theocracy. This wasn't just another regime change-it represented a profound rejection of Western political models that had dominated global discourse for centuries. Revolutionary Iran defies simple categorization. Neither fully democratic nor completely totalitarian, it blends revolutionary fervor with ancient traditions in a sophisticated civilization with continental diversity. The revolution stands alongside the French and Russian as one of history's three great modern revolutions, yet uniquely placed religion at its center when most intellectuals assumed faith was retreating from public life. The revolution's spark came amid economic uncertainty when the Shah's government relaxed some repressive measures in 1977. A government attack on exiled Khomeini triggered demonstrations where religious students were killed by police. This created forty-day mourning cycles that fueled further protests-each funeral becoming a political demonstration, each demonstration creating new martyrs in a self-perpetuating cycle the regime couldn't break. What made this revolution distinctive was its fusion of traditional Shi'a religious narratives with modern revolutionary politics. When protesters faced the Shah's troops, they weren't just opposing a dictator; they were reenacting the sacred drama of Imam Husayn's martyrdom at Karbala-a story central to Shi'a identity where the Prophet's grandson was killed by a corrupt ruler.
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Criado por ex-alunos da Universidade de Columbia em San Francisco
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Criado por ex-alunos da Universidade de Columbia em San Francisco

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