The King thought he was just fixing a ledger, but he was actually opening a door he couldn't close. It shifted sovereignty from the King to the Nation, changing the nature of power forever.
French revolution


The crisis was driven by a total systemic collapse where France, a superpower of 26 million people, found itself completely broke. Controller general Charles-Alexandre de Calonne revealed in February 1787 that the crown was buried in debt. This budget deficit forced a high-stakes political standoff when the monarchy could no longer fund its operations or easily decree new taxes to cover the shortfall.
Charles-Alexandre de Calonne served as the controller general of finances during the lead-up to the revolution. In 1787, he convened a group of nobles and high-ranking officials to address the country's massive debt. He proposed taxing the privileged classes who actually held the wealth, but his efforts were met with a firm refusal, deepening the political deadlock between the crown and the nobility.
The Estates-General was suggested as a solution to a legislative deadlock regarding new taxes. Because regional judicial bodies known as parlements were blocking the King's financial decrees, the government could not find a way out of its debt. This forced the crown to revive the Estates-General, a representative assembly that had not met in over 170 years, to address the national financial emergency.
Creado por exalumnos de la Universidad de Columbia en San Francisco
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Creado por exalumnos de la Universidad de Columbia en San Francisco
