
In "The Master Switch," Tim Wu reveals how information empires rise and fall in predictable cycles. Endorsed by Lawrence Lessig and featured in The New Yorker's best books, Wu's concept of "The Cycle" has transformed tech policy debates. What freedoms are we surrendering to digital monopolies?
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In 1916, a white-haired executive stood before Washington's elite at the New Willard Hotel, demonstrating something extraordinary: voice calls connecting guests to General Pershing at the Mexican border, and a revolutionary wireless telephone that left the audience "staggered." Theodore Vail, president of AT&T, had transformed a scrappy startup into America's most powerful monopoly. But here's the twist-forty years earlier, that same company was just three people working in a Boston attic, challenging the telegraph giant Western Union. How did Bell go from underdog to empire? And more importantly, why does this pattern keep repeating with every new technology we create? From radio to film, television to the internet, information industries follow an eerily predictable cycle: they begin open and chaotic, then consolidate into empires, only to be disrupted again. Understanding this rhythm isn't just academic-it's essential for recognizing the forces shaping our digital lives today. Alexander Bell's telephone didn't just improve communication-it threatened to destroy the telegraph entirely. This is what economist Joseph Schumpeter called "creative destruction," where innovation strikes "not at the margins of profits but at foundations and very lives" of existing firms. Western Union initially dismissed the telephone, then tried crushing Bell's tiny company, yet Bell's patent became an impenetrable shield.
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Cree par des anciens de Columbia University a San Francisco
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